South Asian Journal of Operations and Logistics

The importance of supply chain integration in the performance nexus: A case from developing country

Syed Ghazanfar Imam — 2024-01-13

Effective supply chain management (SCM) hinges on seamless integration among stakeholders, a concept extensively explored in literature. This involves efficient coordination, collaboration, and swift information sharing to align everyone toward common goals, ultimately reducing costs and inefficiencies. Integration enhances communication decision-making and standardizes processes, reducing errors and waste. Organizations must continually assess and monitor integration processes, emphasizing effective communication and collaboration in areas such as vendor management, procurement, and distribution. Success in SCM depends on vigilant monitoring and assessment of integration strategies, ensuring optimized outcomes. The study conducted a quantitative data analysis with survey questionnaires. The study found that for sustainable supply chains, it is essential to consider the competitive priorities of networked firms, industry type, and stakeholder collaboration. Different industries require varying levels of supply chain integration, necessitating exploration of integration-related topics for a comprehensive understanding. Sustainable supply chains depend on member collaboration, ethical practices, and a balance of economic and environmental considerations. Specifically, the agricultural food sector's focus on sustainability drives the demand for better integration. The lack of integration results in inefficiencies, higher costs, and a lack of collaboration, preventing the realization of potential benefits. Current research aims to explore the reliability of adopting SCM integration methods in the Asian agricultural food industry. This research explored the practical aspects of integrating supply chains in this sector that was neglected in the Asian agricultural food industries, hindering efficiency and cost reduction.

Exploring the influence of green supply chain practices on performance nexus

Uzair Ahmed Shams — 2024-01-13

This exploration examines the potential effects of certain control variables, like firm age, possession, and size of an environmental management organization certification, on any collaborative execution when adapting green supply chain system habits. The study will examine how these variables may influence different features of collective performance. This study employs a multi-step methodology, including a thorough review of existing literature, an empirical survey of 223 participant organizations, and an arithmetical examination to test the proposed conceptual structure to inform the two prospective and matter-of-fact outlooks. The studies have three phases. First, complete written work is reviewed to gain a deeper understanding of the topic. Next, a survey is conducted with responses from 223 participant organizations, and the data is collected. Finally, multiple retrogression analysis is used to evaluate the effects of firm age, possession, and firm size of an environmental management system certification on four elements of associated execution. The study's findings indicate a constructive correlation between fit size and these elements of corporate execution: social, environmental, and economic presentation. So, no connection was found between firm size and functional efficiency. Additionally, the study found that controlling an ecological management organization certification within Pakistani firms had a good effect on all staging elements when firm age did not correlate significantly with any of the four execution results. This study gives practical guides to supply chain executives in Pakistan and other nearby markets to understand better the correlation between these control variables and the execution on collective outcomes.

Supply chain integration and agile practices

Muzammil Turabi — 2024-01-13

Lead time is one of the main factors that has always significantly affected supply chain competitiveness. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has hurt lead time, and an exceptional increase in lead time has been experienced because of it. However, there are a few variables which can have a positive effect on the lead time. This research study was aimed at how variables like agile practices and supply chain integration may influence the lead time. Research data was collected from the respondents, who were supply chain executives and managers, through a closed-ended questionnaire, and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences was employed to drive the results. The findings of this study indicate that supply chain integration and agile practices contribute to the reduction of lead time. Findings also suggest that the lead time can be significantly reduced with supply chain integration and agile methods.

Factors affecting the supply chain resilience and supply chain performance: an empirical investigation

Muhammad Noman — 2024-01-13

The key objective of this research study is to delve into the factors affecting supply chain resilience to enhance supply chain performance through the mediation of supply chain resilience. A quantitative method of research was applied to perform this particular research. Data collection was performed using the questionnaire technique. As it was impossible to collect data from every member of the targeted population, a sample of data was calculated using G*power software and a sample size of 129 respondents. It was concluded that supply chain artificial intelligence, adaptive capability, and collaboration positively and significantly influence supply chain resilience and performance. At the same time, supply chain resilience also positively impacts supply chain performance. Thus, adopting resilience and other dynamic capacities can enhance organizational and supply chain performance. This research study provides insight to the manufacturing firms' practitioners and managers for improving their resilience level in the supply chain. This specific research study plays a significant role in literature by highlighting the concept of supply chain resilience and the supply chain performance of organizations.

Effect of logistics integration and demand and supply uncertainties on manufacturing performance: A mediating role of product characteristics

Bushra Aslam — 2024-01-13

This study examines the influence of distribution convergence, delivery lead times, manufacturing difficulties, material management, and procurement on company performance. Primary and secondary data from small and large-scale manufacturing enterprises will be gathered and analyzed using structured and explorative methods, with different analyses applied for causal and cross-comparison outcomes. It will be used as a mathematical model for the following investigation. It assessed the variables' correlation and function as a mediator between them. Cronbach's alpha, a measure of internal consistency, was used to assess overall variable agreement. The study shows the role of interdependence in logistics convergence, pricing fluctuation, and demand and supply uncertainty. Demand and supply uncertainty is one of lead time and substantially impacts outcomes. In this research, procurement lead time significantly impacts the relationship between overall market volatility and supply and demand characteristics. Efficacious Manufacturing requires well-planned procurement, as well as extensive logistical integration.

Applying big data and supply chain innovation for organizational performance

Bushra Iqbal — 2024-01-13

Most companies want to improve their business and performance by accessing the information which is available on social media and enhancing their revenue. Processing and analyzing data through big data is one of the most trending knowledge in this era; for revolutionary transformation, we used big data as a guide tool. In this research, the significant factors focus on big data and supply chain innovation and their impact on organizational performance. This research has covered Karachi's organizations working in supply chain practices. This research was quantitative-based with a sample size of 140, and the data was collected by questionnaire from the employees working in the supply chain domain. The findings found that both hypotheses were supported, meaning that big data and supply chain innovations significantly influence organizational performance.

Impact of lean manufacturing practices on the performance of manufacturing industries

Danial Razzaq — 2024-01-13

In this paper, we aim to check the impact of lean manufacturing practices on the performance of the manufacturing industry in Pakistan. The three practices involve customer involvement, supplier involvement, and 5s and their effect on the industry's performance. For this purpose, we used a random sampling technique with a sample of 20 questions, a question-based questionnaire designed under the supervision of expert supply chain specialists from different manufacturing industries and authentic research journals. The key finding of this research paper is that we have seen the positive significance of lean practice on the performance of Pakistan's manufacturing industry.

Relationship of supplier development and proactive product recall with quality performance

Sajid Ali — 2024-01-13

A few manufacturers outsource their productions, making the assurance of the health and well-being of manufactured items more difficult. The limited capacity of existing regulatory bodies, the constant increase in bulk imports, and the complexity of global sourcing have caused severe quality performance problems in the supply chain. Therefore, the relationship between supplier development and proactive product recall with quality performance was examined. Quantitative variables were used in this research because of the nature of the topic. This study is explanatory and assumed based on established hypotheses. Supplier development and quality performance were analyzed using regression. The findings found that the two sorts of quality management practices that we studied in this research are proactive product recall and supplier development. Proactive product recall, if utilized appropriately, may alleviate the company's harmful effects as it is a cure activity that happens once a quality problem has occurred, or, in other words, it is a reactive approach.

The relationship between halal food supply chain and sustainability: a case study

Tayyab Khan — 2024-01-18

The importance of sustainability and halal supply chain improvement in societies, mainly in the food industry, has become apparent to everyone. Over the years, interest in this issue among consumers and manufacturers has grown to the point where it is now viewed as a primary issue in the supply chain. A quantitative method on a sample size 379 was carried out using SPSS version 22.0. This study examined one direct hypothesis. The study found that a halal supply chain positively and significantly affects sustainability. The previous research supported the study results. Further, the manufacturers may use these findings to adopt and incorporate a halal supply chain for sustainability into their business model. In order to explore the interactions between the government and other stakeholders and establish new ways of halal supply chain, researchers can evaluate the conceptual model offered.

Impact of e-procurement on the cost of manufacturing firms in Pakistan

Akbar Ali Lakhani — 2024-01-24

The analysis in the research is regarding the impact of e-procurement on different costs associated with procurement functions in Pakistan's manufacturing industry. The survey was conducted with the help of a questionnaire designed based on the Likert scale. The analysis was achieved using statistical techniques such as regression and correlation, which can be used to analyze the extent of the relationship between different variables. The chosen statistical methods were applied through SPSS, a specialized software used for this purpose. The rationale behind using quantitative methodology is that they are essential in identifying the presence of association between different variables. A sample of 100 respondents was used for surveys. The respondents were procurement managers working in various Pakistani manufacturing industries, as they were considered relevant to provide authentic findings on this particular issue. The findings demonstrated a positive association between the use of e-procurement and the cost of procurement activities that are part of the supply chain operations of the manufacturing firms. The dependent variables included in the research as part of procurement activities include procurement cost, labour cost, the time incurred in the delivery made by the suppliers, and the purchase requisition cost. The results demonstrated that e-procurement has a significant positive impact on managing firms' labour costs. However, the relationship of e-procurement with other dependent variables, such as supplier timing, purchase requisition, and procurement cost, is positive but insignificant.

Analysis of the digital marketing communication strategies from a business perspective

Usama Mirani — 2024-02-12

Currently, customers are approached, informed, and offered products and services through traditional and digital marketing. However, companies have recently increased their inclination towards digital selling, which has proved to be at the forefront of the technology transition. Digital marketing is at the forefront of the technology transition, pioneering new capabilities to attain, teach, interact, distribute, and promote services and products to clients. This study reviewed previous research in Digital Marketing Communication (DMC) studies. A deductive approach following quantitative research with a survey questionnaire was used. Data was collected using convenient sampling. The findings were found consistent with the previous findings. Except for one hypothesis, all the hypotheses were supported. This research can benefit managers and academicians in enhancing their business marketing communication strategies.

Enabling supply chain agility through process integration and flexibility for operational performance

Junaid Rahim — 2024-02-21

This research is based on the emphasis on undergoing processes which, if corrected, will help companies perform much better, achieve more, and be effective in most of their operations as suppliers. This study is conducted. This study focuses on improving firms' ability to excel in their supply chain processes; it is necessary to investigate the influential components of process integration, flexibility of supply line and dynamic view of products on supply chain agility and how these components impact the firm's effectiveness. Survey data from a sample of supply chain managers working only on emphasising supply line performance enhancement. These findings show that a flexible supply line with a mixture of dynamic products is a mediator that draws the effects of the firm's PI and supply chain agility. Moreover, this automatically influences the firm's business performance. Moreover, the firm's overall framework is competent, yet it needs to be consistently effective regarding the complex structure of its goods for sale. This nature of a firm's framework usually impedes the effect of a flexible supply line on supply chain agility. However, on the other hand, it adds details about the impact of PI on supply chain agility. Other conditionally implemented indirect effects show that the indirect effect of PI on supply chain agility, given the flexible supply line, proves to be vigorous when a complex product mix is identified. This study will be a guide to emerging economies, leading the idea towards supply chain managers to improve their performance in the shape of their competent framework to stabilize their market worth.

Investigating the impact of supply chain integration on operational performance with a mediating role of supply chain capabilities of the SME sector in Pakistan

Muhammad Sameed Khan — 2024-03-05

Different firms do not compete like distinct units from extremely competitive business perspectives but slightly as participants in numerous supply networks. Therefore, this research aims to study the impact of supply chain integration (supplier, internal and customer) on operational performance with a mediating role of supply chain capabilities of the manufacturing industry of Karachi, Pakistan. This research will analyze 175 survey responses from employees working in the SME sector of Karachi, Pakistan. Partial Least Square-Structural equation modelling is used to analyze the data. Results show that supply chain integration has a significant impact on operational performance. Furthermore, supply chain integration significantly impacts operational performance by mediating supply chain capabilities. The results of the current study suggest that supply chain integration improves performance.

Impact of TQM on operational, logistical and quality performance with a moderating role of reverse supply chain

Noor Nawaz — 2024-03-10

Many research studies established the significance of total quality management to organizational performance. However, most of the researchers focused on individual relationships. This research aims to examine an integrated model by analyzing the impact of total quality management on operational performance, logistics performance, and quality performance with moderation of revere supply chain in steel companies of Pakistan. The study used a quantitative research method to test the hypotheses by collecting data utilizing the survey questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. For analysis, the study opted for IBM SPSS and SmartPLS as the appropriate statistical tools. This study confirms the significant relationship between total quality management and reverse supply chain. Furthermore, this study finds no significant relationship between comprehensive quality management and operational, logistics, and quality performance. The insignificance values show the lack of implementation of study variables in the study and the geological context.

Sustainable performance in advance warehousing and quality assurance through SAP: a case of Artistic Milliners

Muhammad Wasil Khalil — 2024-03-10

Artistic Milliners is the name of Pakistan's rising textile industry. They started their journey about half a century ago, and now Artistic Milliners have become one of the leading manufacturers and the biggest exporter of household textiles and clothing. Artistic Milliners are most concerned with evaluating the new and unique methods of warehouse management processes. The best aspect of this study is that the essential purpose is to study the old and conventional methods in the field and to fulfil new times. The most challenging job of all these workers, who don't want to adjust, is to create and enforce the techniques. My research project aims to research and apply modernized methods in warehousing management in the current practice of Artistic Milliners. Fundamentally, research is focused on quantitative analysis to recognize the impacts of study variables. The consistency and methodology of the analysis are based on a single case study. Sampling methods are used based on a probabilistic process. All data was obtained from primary sources, and Artistic Milliner's officials collected organized interviews. The finding concludes that Artistic Milliners must implement the new developments for a warehouse management system with the ability to incorporate and develop the production. It will train downstream and upstream workers to boost performance.

The role of supply chain practices on sustainability performance in the pharmaceutical sector: a case from developing economy

Hira Habib — 2024-03-10

The aim of this research is to broadly identify the sustainable influence of green practices to cope with the problems caused by pharmaceutical manufacturing, purchasing and distribution, which have insignificant effects on the environment, well-being, animals, ocean, and water; in this regard, the significance of the supply chain practices on sustainable performance examined. In this quantitative study, the researcher will use a cross-sectional research design and a structured questionnaire for data collection to find out the research problem from professionals of supply chain managers. In this study, a random sampling technique will be considered to get the actual data from the experience of supply chain managers. The research scope is limited to the Karachi region to discover Supply Chain Practices on Sustainability performance in the Pharmaceutical Sector in Karachi. Thereby potentially restricting generalizability. The findings are based on a sample of 105 pharmaceutical companies in Karachi.

Examining the effect of Internet of Things (IoT) adoption on supply chain performance

Fahad Zafar — 2024-03-25

Data is the heart of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The growth of the Internet of Things is one of the main reasons behind this (IoT). The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of interconnected physical items (sometimes known as "things") that are implanted with sensors, software, and other technologies to communicate and share data with other devices and systems over the Internet. However, research on IoT adoption in the supply chain domain is scarce, and its acceptance in industries is also very limited due to the various challenges that come with it. The objective of this study is to gain an understanding of the impact that IoT has on supply chain performance through its integration or adoption. A quantitative approach was pursued in this study, and a questionnaire survey of 200 respondents from the supply chain domain with managerial experience was collected and analyzed using the SPSS tool. The results indicate that IoT positively and significantly affects supply chain performance. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature about supply chain integration and technologies. This research can help those who want to specialize in IoT and its applications in supply chain management. Organizationally, the research findings tell managers about the potential IoT investment that will lead to a positive supply chain performance outcome.

Role of logistics innovation capabilities in supply chains operations at manufacturing firms

Faisal Iqbal — 2024-04-02

This study aims to examine the impact of Logistics Innovation Capabilities and mitigating the disruption risk in supply chain operations in the manufacturing Industries of Karachi Pakistan. With the fast growth in Pakistan's economy and vision 2025 seeks to enhance the national transport infrastructure and logistics network system. The demand for logistics services in Pakistan has been steadily expanding. Pakistan's Industry focuses more on adopting logistics innovation capabilities to provide their customer with better services. Quantitative research is designed to study the link between the capabilities of dependent and independent variables to minimize the risk. By empirically analyzing survey data SPSS is a popular method to validate the study model. The impact of innovation in logistics technologies has a huge positive influence affect by firm performance, environment uncertainty, technology implementation & customer side. Through Logistics Innovation capabilities, many empirical studies have been conducted to minimize the supply chain risk. This study provides empirical support for dependent and independent variables. Our results can help Pakistan's manufacturing industry develop logistics strategies and adopt innovation capabilities to reduce supply chain risk.

Nexus amid supply chain management practices, competitive advantage and organizational performance

Hafsa Shahbaz — 2024-04-02

The main objective of this research is specifically to analyze the effect of SCM Practices on CA and OP. The research used in this study is quantitative and it includes data collection of 100 respondents from the manufacturing sector of Karachi. A questionnaire was adopted to collect the data and then the data were analyzed through SPSS. Further Reliability, regression, and reliability were used to check the link between variables. The results show that SCM Practices play a key role in achieving OP and with effective implementation of supply chain (SCM) Practices it’s becoming a key way to secure a competitive edge. SCM Practices have a positive impact on OP and CA. The limitation for this study work is limited to the manufacturing sector of Karachi. This study is meant to be cross-sectional so that it is not generalized all over the world. This research is quantitative and only a questionnaire is used for the collection of the data. SCM Practices play an important role in achieving organizational performance so organizations need to implement these practices into their business so that the organization can able to perform well and it will become easier to achieve competitive advantage.

The effect of a green supply chain on a company's success

Mehnaz Kabeer — 2024-04-25

The potential of a conceptual model which integrates sustainabile logistics and management strategies to financial performance and organizational performance to lead to long-term profitability is studied in this research. Green logistics and distribution methods, as per the research, currently have a significant impact on the financial market and organizational performance. The organizational performance of green supply chain management and logistics and management practices is also examined in light of the moderating effects of ethical, ecological, and financial performance. Google form is used to develop a questionnaire due to the factor of COVID-19 element for instant data Collection. A 5-point Likert scale is used for the validity of the questionnaire statements. A statistical tool SPSS is used to analyze and examine collected data. Further linear regression is used to find the correlation, variance of the model, and significance of the variables.

The impact of procurement strategies on supply chain sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry

Kahkshan Asif — 2024-04-26

In today's society, there is a major role that procurement is playing in sustainability because of great requirements and demand for improvement in some supply chain processes and procurement practices. It helps in making rational decisions that encompass economic, social, and environmental parts of society. Corporate sustainability requires such abilities to impact external firms in the process of supply chain. In the Economic advancement markers worldwide, public and neighbourhood levels advance sustainability approaches are advised, as they represent the advancement in the supply chain process. By implementing procurement strategies in the pharmaceutical industry elements of supply chain sustainability can improve environmental, social a financial impact on society. It is a cross-sectional study. The present study was conducted in the urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan. Data collection will be through questionnaires and surveys. It is designed for information collection so it can be used to determine the improvement and impact of sustainability on procurement strategies in supply chain sustainability.

Resilience components of the supply chain in the apparel sector of Pakistan throughout COVID-19

Nawaz Baig — 2024-09-14

This study examines the significant impact of COVID-19 on Pakistan's apparel industry, which has faced severe challenges due to global supply chain disruptions and the cancellation of $2.1 billion in export orders by major international buyers. As a key contributor to Pakistan's economy and a major source of employment, especially for women, the apparel sector has been severely strained, with brands like H&M and Walmart reducing business. This has led to factory closures and widespread job losses. Using an explanatory research design and deductive approach, the study focuses on supply chain resilience in the garment sector during the pandemic. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire targeting HR and administrative personnel familiar with company policies and strategies. A sample of 150 respondents was surveyed to assess vulnerabilities, operational sustainability, capabilities, and supply chain resilience. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 26), supported by data from newspapers, online sources, and observations. A pilot study confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire. The study highlights the need for greater collaboration among governments, international buyers, and textile organizations to support the industry during crises. It also identifies the health risks faced by workers and emphasizes the importance of policy measures such as stronger labor protections and continued government support. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and industry leaders to enhance resilience and sustainability in the global garment industry.

Analysis of the supply chain risk management in pharmaceutical industry

Muhammad Kashif — 2024-09-14

This study investigates the escalating complexity and risk in global supply chains, with a particular focus on the pharmaceutical industry. As trade chains become longer and more intricate, the likelihood of disruptions increases, affecting the efficiency and reliability of supply chains. Despite its significance, research on risk management practices specific to the pharmaceutical industry remains limited. This study addresses this gap by evaluating how pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan assess and manage risks. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to pharmaceutical companies and other industries and analyzed using SPSS. The study, which used a five-point Likert scale and non-probability convenience sampling of 150 to 165 respondents, highlights the impact of supply-related, production-related, and demand-related risks on supply chain operational performance. Findings indicate that addressing these risks through targeted strategies can significantly enhance supply chain management and operational efficiency. The study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive risk assessment and mitigation strategies to improve resilience and performance in the pharmaceutical industry. Limitations include a restricted timeframe and sample size, suggesting the need for further research in different industries and regions to validate and expand on these findings.

A nexus between human capital management and lean supply chain in an organization

Naveed Ali — 2024-09-14

This study investigates the impact of key human resource management (HRM) practices—learning and development, recruitment and selection, and performance management—on the lean supply chain performance of organizations. A sample size of 100 participants was selected using a simple random sampling technique, targeting individuals with direct experience in both HR and supply chain management. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, applying regression analysis to examine the relationships between variables. The findings provide insights into how HCM contributes to optimizing supply chain performance, offering practical implications for organizations striving for lean supply chain success. The findings confirm the positive influence of these HRM practices on supply chain efficiency and effectiveness. Learning and development (L&D) emerged as critical for fostering continuous improvement and waste reduction in lean supply chains, equipping employees with the necessary skills to support operational excellence. Recruitment and selection were shown to play a fundamental role in hiring individuals aligned with lean principles such as waste minimization and process efficiency. Performance management further contributed by aligning employee performance with lean objectives, ensuring continuous progress in supply chain performance. The study emphasizes the need for strategic integration of HRM practices into lean supply chain initiatives for sustained organizational competitiveness. Limitations include a small sample size, highlighting the need for future research to expand the respondent pool and explore additional organizational development tools to better define the connection between human capital management and lean supply chains.